Anthurium
Including anthurium plants from the family Araceae. Still allied with some popular ornamental plants such as Aglaonema, philodendron, ornamental taro, and alokasia. In the family Araceae, anthurium is a genus with the largest number of species. It is estimated there are about 1000 species of genus anthurium.In nature anthurium easy to grow on media that has been rotting trunks of trees or growing on trees and are epiphytes. On the basis of terrestrial life in the forest.Anthurium has leaves form a beautiful, unique, and varied. Generally, dark green leaves with veins and bones large and prominent. So that makes this plant looks solid but exuded elegance, luxury and exclusive impression.In the days of empire, anthurium many ornate gardens and the palace became the kingdoms in Java and is considered a plant of the king. Currently, anthurium are tropical plants that many people because it has maintained a high appeal.Anthurium generally divided into two types, namely anthurium anthurium leaves and flowers. Anthurium leaf has the allure, especially from other forms of special leaves. While the flower anthurium further highlight both the diversity of flower species and hybrids. Usually this type of anthurium flowers used for cut flowers.In Indonesia there are about 7 types of anthurium, which is Anthurium cyrstalinum(Elephant ear), Anthurium pedatoradiatum (wali Songo), Anthurium andreanum,Rafidooa Anthurium, Anthurium hibridum (tongue elephant), Anthurium makrolobum andScherzerianum anthurium.MultiplicationAnthurium can be propagated by 2 ways, namely generative (seeds) and vegetative (cuttings).1. Propagation by generative (seeds)Anthurium plants have two kinds of flowers are male flowers and female flowers. Characterized by the presence of the male flower stamens, whereas female flowers are characterized by the presence of mucus. Seeds obtained by crossing male flowers and female flowers. By using larvae, flower juice is taken and applied to the flat in the mucus in the female flowers. About 2 months later, the interest earned is ripe, in which there are many seeds anthurium. The seeds are peeled, washed thoroughly and aerated, and then sownthe fine soil medium. Placed on moist seedbed conditions and always watered.2. Propagation by vegetative means (cuttings)There are two ways through vegetative propagation, stem cuttings and cuttings of buds.Way propagation by stem cuttings is cut off the top of the plant(Rod) to include 1-3 roots, the top plant 'that has been cut then planted, the growing medium which has been prepared. While the multiplication of the buds is to take one eye on the branch, and then plant buds grow on the medium which has been prepared.To sow the seeds and cuttings, in particular by:Preparation of Growth MediumBased on its usefulness, growing medium is divided into two kinds, namely the growing medium for seeding and for mature plants. Growing medium consisting of a mixture of humus, manure and sand times. Forest soils and humus or manure that has been so sifted with a sieve size of 1 cm, while the sand times in the sieve with 3 mm sieve size. Humus, manure and sand times that has been sifted, mixed with a ratio of 5: 5: 2. For seeding, growing medium should be sterilized by steaming for one hour.Preparation of PotTo plant a flower anthurium, can be used potting soil, pots or plastic pots straso. Pot is best potting soil because it has lots of pores that penetrate the air from outside the pot. When used fresh pot, the pot needs to be soaked in water for 10 minutes. The bottom of the pots were broken tiles / pot that is curved, then on it was given fragments of brick-thick 1 / 4 high pot. Medium to grow a mixture of humus, manure and sand entered the pot.GROWING CONDITIONS1. Needs LightTo obtain the appropriate light, cultivation is done on low-lying areas require a building with a roof shade paranet 60-70%. To plains paranet currently using 50% shade. As for the plateau is quite used roof paranet 25%.If too much light, the leaves will turn yellow and dry, otherwise when the light leaves less visible limp and pale, and the leaves and stems tend to be elongated.The temperature needsOptimal temperature ranges between 18 º -31 º C. leaves will be more shiny appearance bilaman a day and night temperature difference is not too flashy. This condition will help to shape it so that the color of the leaf chlorophyll become more green and shiny. For it was then when the temperature is too high noon, on cultivation environment need to be added to lower the temperature of the fan.2. Humidity needsAir humidity are suitable for the growth of the king leaves it ranged between 60% -80%. When humidity is too dry it is necessary to spray water around the plant. Conversely, if too much moisture needs to be installed fan.3. Air CirculationBreeze will provide good conditions for plants, because with the wind blowing gently will make the air is cool. Therefore the role of the fan mounted on the environment will play a double cropping, remedy, namely air, keep the air humidity and keep the air temperature.Plant morphologyAnthurium including Araceae family that has a lot of roots, stems and leaves are sturdy, and flower-shaped tail.ROOTSA healthy anthurium has a lot of roots, white and spreads in all directions. Therefore require a porous medium.STEMAnthurium stem is not visible because buried in the media. Once the plants mature stem will enlarge the hump.LEAFAnthurium leaf is generally thick and stiff, shape varied as heart-shaped, oval, pointed, and elongated. To Anthurium leaf, leaf shape compactness increases aesthetic value.FLOWERSAnthurium flowers monoecious have meaning in a single flower and the female sex cell contains male sex cells. Interest consists of stems, crowns, and cobs. All parts of the flower into a single unit and is shaped like a tail, so Anthurium flower known as the tail. Pistil and pollen attaches to the cob. Cook pistil and pollen are not the same (dichogamaous). In general, pistil mature earlier than pollen.FRUITS AND SEEDSFruit is round and attached to the cob, young fruit is green when ripe red. Seeds that have been cooked will escape from the cob, this is a good seed for sowing. Seedlings produced from seed, generally have different properties from its parent.MAINTENANCE & CARETo get the perfect plant, then we must nurture and care for her as possible. Maintenance and treatment should be done include watering, fertilizing da leaf clean from dust and dirt as well as cut the yellowing leaves. In addition, maintenance activities are not forgotten is the repotting.Repotting a pot replacement activities and media as well as plant and pot size is no longer appropriate. Repotting steps such as the steps carried out at planting. Yet to consider in this repotting is cut and clean up the rotten roots and set roots in the media and a new pot. Rooting arrangement is intended to be all parts of the roots can be direct contact with the media. Do not let the roots are not attached to the media (there are voids between the media and roots) as this will cause rotting of the roots and consequently the plant will become unhealthy.Watering is done by a syringe and subjected to all parts of the plant carried out 2-3 days to see the condition of the media. Media maintained so as not too moist and not too dry.Fertilizers should be given compound fertilizer (N, P and K) which supplies slow (slow riliaze) is given 2-3 months with the recommended dose and the magnitude of the plant. In addition it is also necessary to add fertilizer leaves setipa given 1-2 weeks. To keep up appearances so that leaves appear clean and shiny then leaves the existing need to be cleaned with a soft cloth that has been moistened with water. The leaves have yellowed old and needs to be cut.
